Former National Security Adviser and political analyst Professor Clarita Carlos on Thursday, 29 January 2026, warned against casually using the diplomatic term persona non grata, emphasizing its serious implications for foreign relations.

Carlos explained that the designation traditionally applies only to diplomats and officially declares a foreign representative unwelcome in the host country. Her remarks followed rising tensions between the Philippines and China after a public exchange between Philippine Coast Guard (PCG) officials and the Chinese Embassy in Manila. The situation has drawn attention from lawmakers and the Palace, raising questions about possible diplomatic measures such as declaring a foreign diplomat persona non grata.

The dispute began on Monday, 26 January, when PCG West Philippine Sea spokesperson Commodore Jay Tarriela criticized the Chinese Embassy’s statements toward Philippine officials as “brazen and abrasive,” calling them a direct challenge to the country’s sovereignty. The Chinese Embassy responded on 27 January, denouncing what it called “false narratives” about China, accusing Tarriela and certain Philippine institutions of smearing its image while affirming its commitment to dialogue and stable bilateral relations.

The exchange prompted Senate President Vicente Sotto III to suggest studying the possibility of declaring Chinese Embassy Deputy Spokesperson Guo Wei persona non grata, after he was linked to remarks critical of Philippine lawmakers. Other senators, including Risa Hontiveros and Kiko Pangilinan, noted that only President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. can act on diplomatic declarations. Several lawmakers also raised the idea of replacing China’s ambassador, citing concerns over tone and conduct, while Senate Resolution No. 256, co-sponsored by JV Ejercito, described the deputy spokesperson’s remarks as unhelpful in easing tensions.

Malacañang, through Presidential Communications Officer Claire Castro, stressed that declaring a diplomat persona non grata is a measure of last resort, with serious diplomatic consequences and potential reciprocal actions from China. The Palace emphasized that the Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA) remains the primary channel for managing sensitive issues, with the President coordinating closely with DFA Secretary Tess Lazaro. Castro added that assertiveness in defending national interests should be balanced with diplomacy to avoid unintended fallout.

Carlos cautioned that labeling Guo Wei, a representative of Chinese President Xi Jinping, as “undesirable” could escalate tensions and have far-reaching consequences. She said the term’s significance applies broadly across government and international affairs, not just the current situation with China. Any declaration would ultimately require careful assessment by the President of national strategy and regional considerations. Carlos stressed that diplomacy should be approached strategically, where each decision affects multiple relationships, and that misusing sensitive terms could complicate long-term goals and regional stability.