The West Philippine Sea (WPS) remains a flashpoint of territorial disputes, with tensions escalating following the recent harassment of Filipino vessels by Chinese forces.

President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. recently stated that the Philippines will not deploy warships, colloquially called “gray ships,” to the disputed waters, emphasizing that “we are not warring with China.”

While this stance reflects a cautious and diplomatic approach, critics argue that showing a stronger military presence is vital to asserting the country’s sovereignty. The question therefore of whether or not to send warships to the WPS is a dilemma that should take into account diplomacy, national defense, and regional stability.

President Marcos’ reluctance to send warships stems from a pragmatic understanding of the Philippines’ geopolitical and military realities. Engaging in an outright confrontation with China, a global superpower with superior military capabilities, would have disastrous consequences.

While international law, including the 2016 arbitral ruling that favored the Philippines, is on our side, maritime conflicts are rarely resolved through legal arguments alone. A show of force risks escalating tensions into a full-blown conflict, something the Philippines is ill-prepared to handle given its limited naval assets and defense budget.

Additionally, the government’s current strategy leans heavily on diplomacy and alliances. By seeking support from partners such as the United States, Japan and Australia, the Philippines gains leverage in addressing Chinese aggression without directly engaging in military confrontation.

The Mutual Defense Treaty with the United States, for instance, assures assistance in case of an armed attack. Deploying warships could jeopardize these diplomatic gains by giving China an excuse to escalate its militarization in the region.

The economic implications of conflict are another significant concern. China is one of the Philippines’ largest trading partners, and any military provocation could lead to economic repercussions, including reduced trade and investments. Given the country’s fragile economic recovery post-pandemic, risking these economic ties is a gamble that could harm millions of Filipinos reliant on trade-related industries.

Critics of the administration’s cautious stance argue that failing to send warships projects an image of weakness, emboldening China to continue its aggressive tactics. The harassment of Filipino vessels, including fishermen and the Philippine Coast Guard, is not just a sovereignty issue; it is a direct attack on the livelihoods and safety of Filipino citizens. By deploying warships, the Philippines will signal its readiness to defend its territorial waters, thereby deterring further acts of intimidation.

National pride and sovereignty are also at stake. The Philippines’ hesitancy to assert its rights in the WPS risks undermining public confidence in the government’s ability to protect the nation’s interests. Critics contend that sending gray ships does not mean initiating conflict but demonstrating resolve. This can be done through joint patrols with allies, naval exercises, or even symbolic deployments that assert a presence without provoking an immediate military response.

Moreover, history shows that assertiveness can yield positive outcomes. Vietnam, for instance, has taken a more aggressive stance in defending its claims in the South China Sea, including ramming Chinese vessels.

While not advocating for outright aggression, some believe that a more assertive approach could force China to reconsider its tactics, especially if the Philippines acts in coordination with other ASEAN nations and international partners.

The question of whether to send warships to the WPS should not be framed as a binary choice between war and submission. Instead, the Philippines must adopt a balanced approach that combines diplomacy with credible defense posturing.

By adopting a balanced strategy that combines diplomacy, alliance-building, and credible defense measures, the Philippines can defend its sovereignty without risking unnecessary conflict.

The challenge lies in navigating this delicate balancing act, ensuring that the country’s rights and dignity are upheld while preserving regional stability.