Pope Francis has returned to the Vatican following a five-week hospitalization for double pneumonia, marking the most serious health crisis of his 12-year papacy. The 88-year-old pontiff, who was admitted to Rome's Gemelli Hospital on 14 February, was discharged on Sunday afternoon.

Before leaving the hospital, Francis made a brief public appearance on a balcony, giving a thumbs-up to the nearly 3,000 people gathered outside. Despite looking frail and speaking with a feeble voice, he thanked the crowd and imparted his blessing.

His motorcade made a brief detour to the Basilica of Saint Mary Major, where he left a bouquet of flowers at the Salus Populi Romani icon, a Madonna painting revered by Romans. The pope, who has expressed a special devotion to the basilica, remained in his car during the visit.

Doctors warn of extended recovery

Vatican doctors have advised Pope Francis to rest for at least two months, avoiding large gatherings and strenuous activities. Though he is no longer battling pneumonia, he remains on medication for a fungal infection in his lungs and continues to receive supplemental oxygen.

During his hospital stay, Francis suffered multiple respiratory crises, including severe coughing fits that required noninvasive ventilation and manual lung aspiration. His medical team confirmed that he was in critical condition twice but never required intubation.

Dr. Sergio Alfieri, who led the pope’s treatment, acknowledged the gravity of the situation. “Not all patients with such severe pneumonia survive,” he said, adding that Francis was at risk of death during the most critical episodes.

Uncertain Vatican schedule

Francis’ recovery period raises questions about his upcoming commitments, including a scheduled 8 April meeting with King Charles III and leading Easter services at the end of the month. The Vatican has not confirmed whether he will proceed with these engagements.

His ability to travel also remains uncertain, though his doctors are optimistic that he may recover in time for a planned trip to Turkey in late May for an ecumenical event.

Despite his illness, Pope Francis continued to oversee Vatican affairs from the hospital, appointing bishops and launching a three-year reform initiative. His extended rest period could now impact the Vatican’s calendar of events.

Public reaction and support

The pope’s release was met with relief from Catholic faithful worldwide. Pilgrims gathered in St. Peter’s Square to witness his return, while well-wishers at the hospital expressed gratitude for his recovery.

While Francis’ health remains fragile, his resilience throughout this latest crisis has reassured many within the Church. As he resumes his duties, Vatican officials are expected to closely monitor his condition to prevent further complications.