
Not every franchise violation a crime
In Philippine law, criminal liability exists only when the act complained of is expressly defined and penalized by law.
· 3 MIN READ


In Philippine law, criminal liability exists only when the act complained of is expressly defined and penalized by law.
· 3 MIN READ

The ruling is significant because it draws the line between moral expectation and criminal culpability.
· 3 MIN READ

Where the controversy springs from succession, the law of estates — not corporate law — must prevail.
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This is justice in its calibrated form. It does not punish where punishment is unjustified. But neither does it ignore the harm done.
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While body-worn cameras promote transparency and accountability, they also raise serious and legitimate data privacy concerns.
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The 30-day period is not a rigid deadline imposed solely on employers. It reflects a shared responsibility.
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Energy is often taken for granted — until it becomes scarce, expensive, or uncertain.
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Infringement may give rise to civil liability. In more serious cases, it may result in criminal prosecution, carrying fines and imprisonment.
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From time to time, a nation is confronted with events that expose not only its vulnerabilities but also the resilience of its legal and institutional…
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At the heart of the Circular is a graduated penalty system designed to discipline non-compliance without being unduly punitive.
· 2 MIN READ