Argentina will next face tournament debutant Cape Verde in the Round of 32. Cape Verde advanced after a 3-0 win over Saudi Arabia and draws against Spain (0-0) and Uruguay (2-2).
Messi recently grabbed headlines after recording his first World Cup hat trick against Algeria, further demonstrating that he remains among the tournament's elite performers despite being one of its oldest stars.
As of publication, Messi leads the Golden Boot race with six goals.
France's Kylian Mbappé and Ousmane Dembélé, Brazil's Vinícius Júnior and Norway's Erling Haaland are tied for second with four goals each.
Rounding out the top scorers with three goals apiece are Germany's Deniz Undav, Switzerland's Johan Manzambi, Senegal's Ismaïla Sarr, the Netherlands' Brian Brobbey and Brazil's Matheus Cunha.