Ukraine has agreed on the terms of a minerals deal with the United States and could sign it Friday, the two countries said, a move Kyiv hopes will lead to future security guarantees from Washington.

US President Donald Trump, in part of a dramatic shift of policy that includes reaching out to Russia, has demanded that Ukraine give access to its rare earth minerals to compensate for the billions of dollars of wartime aid it received under Joe Biden.

The deal would see the United States jointly develop Ukraine's mineral wealth, with revenues going to a newly created fund that would be "joint for Ukraine and America," a senior Ukrainian source told AFP on the condition of anonymity late Tuesday.

The source said the draft of the deal included a reference to "security," but did not explicitly set out the United States' commitments — one of Kyiv's prior demands for an agreement.

"There is a general clause that says America will invest in a stable and prosperous sovereign Ukraine, that it works for a lasting peace, and that America supports efforts to guarantee security.

"Now government officials are working on the details," the source said.

The Ukrainian source said President Volodymyr Zelensky could sign the deal on a trip to Washington as early as Friday — a timetable confirmed by Trump.

"I hear that. I hear that he's coming on Friday," Trump told reporters at the White House.

"He would like to sign it together with me, and I understand that — it's a big deal, a very big deal," Trump said.

Zelensky had earlier balked at Trump's demands to give the United States $500 billion worth of valuable minerals used in aerospace, electric vehicles and other technologies — a sum far above the official figure of $60 billion in US military aid to Ukraine since the invasion.

The Ukrainian source said Washington had cut the $500 billion reference.

"They removed all the clauses that did not suit us," the source said.

Trump said of the emerging agreement: "It could be a trillion-dollar deal. It could be whatever."

Trump did not answer directly when asked what Ukraine would get in return and instead pointed to past US weapons deliveries.

"Biden was throwing money around like it's cotton candy," he said. "We want to get that money back."

Shift by US

Ukraine hopes the minerals deal will improve relations with the Trump administration which have quickly soured.

Trump has upended US foreign policy since taking office last month, opening dialogue with Russian President Vladimir Putin while making threats against Washington's traditional allies.

The United States sided at the United Nations on Monday with Russia rather than its European allies, pushing a resolution that called for the war to end without condemning Moscow's invasion of its neighbor three years ago or insisting on Ukraine's territorial integrity.

Last week, Trump branded his Ukrainian counterpart a "dictator" and called for him to "move fast" to end the war, a day after Russian and US officials held talks in Saudi Arabia without Kyiv.

Zelensky had earlier accused Trump of living in a Russian "disinformation space."

Unease in Europe

French President Emmanuel Macron met Trump on Monday on the third anniversary of Russia's invasion of Ukraine. He briefed Zelensky on his talks and will speak to fellow leaders by videoconference on Wednesday, officials said.

Speaking at the White House, Macron warned Trump that peace cannot mean the "surrender" of Ukraine and called for US support to any potential European troop deployment aimed at preserving a peace deal.

Trump's pivot on Russia has sparked fears not only that it could spell the end of US support for Kyiv, but for the rest of Europe too.

Macron also spoke by telephone with British Prime Minister Keir Starmer on Tuesday. Downing Street said that the pair praised Trump for "working towards a durable peace in Ukraine."

Starmer, who is due to visit the White House on Thursday, has insisted a US "backstop" is vital to deter Russia from "launching another invasion in just a few years' time."