At a medical centre in Kyiv, former soldier Dmytro Gorodynsky shuffled around to the funky notes of the 1970s hit "Le Freak", his eyes obscured by sunglasses.

The 39-year-old lost his eyesight in a Russian drone attack five months ago.

Now in rehabilitation, he is adjusting to the life-changing injury by learning dance steps as a way to improve his sense of balance and space.

Many of those returning blind from the front face challenges adapting to daily life, ignored by fellow citizens while facing difficulty accessing specialist care.

There are no official statistics on the number of blind veterans in Ukraine.

But in 2023, the UN warned that the war had led to a "concerning rise" in vision problems among the population as a whole.

Strained by Russia's invasion, Ukraine's healthcare system is not yet adapted to treat the newly blind, said Olesya Perepechenko, director of NGO Contemporary View, which helps blinded ex-soldiers.

Sometimes no one at the hospital teaches them how to use the toilet, she told AFP.

'Panic sets in'

Gorodynsky, wearing military fatigues, smiled wistfully as he danced at Trinity Hub in Kyiv, a rehabilitation center for the visually impaired.

In the first few weeks after his injury, he said, he would get lost and "panic sets in".

He had to ask for help for "basic things", he told AFP, with a pang of frustration in his voice.

But after two months of daily visits to the center, where he is also learning to read Braille and use his phone, Gorodynsky has noticed progress.

"It gives us confidence and makes us want to keep living," Gorodynsky said.

He also said he will be able to stay in his career, a rarity for those blinded by injury.

A glass fitter before the war, he will now be responsible for glass repair.

Sometimes, his friends and family still hand him their mobile phones to show him a photo, he said.

This was hurtful at first, but he now realizes: "They forget that I have this problem."

'Who would want me as a burden?'

At the other end of the corridor, Mykola Kazyuk was practicing using a computer.

"Move your right hand," his teacher, Oleksandr Gordiyko told him. His 48-year-old pupil, who will soon have gone a year without sight, complained that he had hit the wrong key again.

"These are probably our most challenging rehabilitation patients. It's not common for someone to lose their sight so suddenly and quickly," Gordiyko said.

Unlike those who gradually lose their sight through illness, soldiers have no time to prepare.

Learning how to make a coffee or take the bus has been frustrating for Kazyuk, who sighs just thinking about it.

"I have to, so that I don't become a vegetable," he said.

The ex-military man was disfigured and wounded in the legs while fighting at the front in April 2024.

When he woke up after a month in a coma, he realized he was blind.

With his white cane in his hand, Kazyuk initially thought he would be abandoned.

"Who would want me as a burden?" he said.

But little by little, with the support of his wife, he is regaining his independence. And he is proud to say that he can now bake cupcakes and sew on buttons.

Is Ukraine ready?

A former sapper in the army, Vladyslav Yeshchenko was blinded while clearing mines near the war-torn city of Bakhmut two and a half years ago.

To help others who have lost eyesight, the 26-year-old founded Let's See The Victory, another non-profit group. 

In his living room, decorated with a Braille Playboy poster, he said the hardest part of going blind was accepting that his eyes, destroyed by a large mine explosion, were "not there any more", with no hope of ever being treated.

He also had to come to terms with the fact he would no longer be of "any use" on the battlefield.

After a period of angry outbursts and sleepless nights, he said it was his work with veterans that helped him feel useful again.

He believes Ukraine is not ready to welcome the newly blind.

Efforts are needed to improve accessibility, as well as to raise awareness among sighted people, who tend to ignore the issue, Yeshchenko said.

So sometimes he teases them a little. 

Recently, when his neighbors complained that they could not see in the dark during power cuts sparked by Russian strikes, he joked: "How are you doing, losers?"