Nathalie Mago’s work day begins after she’s tucked her three daughters into bed and flicked off the lights in their house north of the Philippine capital Manila.

As her young family sleeps, she fires up her laptop and begins discussing the day’s agenda with her boss — an American half a world away.

A “virtual assistant,” Mago is one of a growing number of Filipinos flocking to the booming but unregulated sector in the face of a tight job market, low wages and frequently hellish commutes.

“It literally saved me,” Mago said. “I was able to support myself and my family at the same time.”

A former office worker, the 32-year-old said she’s now earning five times as much serving as the “right hand” of employers for whom she writes copy, manages social media and even buys family birthday gifts.

Government figures for the sector are unavailable as the role falls into no recognized job category, meaning legal protections are also effectively non-existent.

But Derek Gallimore, of advisory firm Outsource Accelerator, estimates the number of Filipino virtual assistants at around a million — a number he expects to grow.

“It’s the assumption that they can call their own shots, have more freedom and earn more money,” Gallimore said of the job’s allure, adding the reality may not always meet expectations.

Job-seeking platform Upwork lists the Philippines among the top five countries churning out virtual assistants, alongside India, Nigeria, Pakistan and the United States.

“We expect the growth of virtual assistant work in the Philippines to continue,” said Teng Liu, an economist at Upwork Research Institute.

Filipinos’ English proficiency made them a “strong fit” for global clients, he added, with Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States among the biggest markets.

Risks, rewards combine

A recent TikTok video with tens of thousands of likes featured a virtual assistant slowly unveiling a screenshot of her pay for five days’ work — P29,400 ($512), more than double the monthly minimum wage in Manila.

Several Facebook groups for virtual assistants, whose tasks can include everything from marketing to making travel arrangements, boast hundreds of thousands of followers who view the job as a path to a better life.

But there are risks associated with the sector.

“I know a lot of people who got scammed. The last one got scammed for P50,000,” Mago said, describing a scheme in which a virtual assistant was tricked into paying for access to jobs that never materialized.

Others complete work for clients who then simply disappear, she said.

Law lecturer Arnold de Vera, from the University of the Philippines, said the industry lacks protections under the law because it falls into no existing government category.

“They’re invisible in the sense that they are generally treated not as Philippine employees,” De Vera, noting most virtual assistants classify themselves as “self-employed,” said.

No law forces employers outside the country to uphold agreements made with Philippines-based workers, he said.

“It’s risky because there is no remedy involved but people are willing to take that risk because of the rewards they can reap.”

Charting a path home

Lyann Lubrico is among those who think the reward is worth the risk.

The 33-year-old, who became a virtual assistant after losing her job as an office manager in the United Arab Emirates, believes remote work can be a path home for overseas Filipino workers, or OFWs.

Now the owner of her own agency, Lubrico calls it her “mission” to give OFWs, whose remittances account for nearly 10 percent of national GDP, a way to make that money at home instead.

“I know some cleaners who grew old being cleaners abroad... I thought to myself, Filipinos shouldn’t settle for this all their lives,” she said, noting the abuse and discrimination faced by many.

Through a Facebook group called “Balikbayan (Returning Home) For Good,” Lubrico has so far offered informal training to about 200 OFWs hoping to become virtual assistants.

“My mission is to enable overseas Filipinos to come home — one at a time,” Lubrico said.

But while a true believer in the sector, she agrees legal protections remain a crucial step.

Renato Paraiso, spokesperson for the Department of Information and Communications Technology, said one key challenge is the fact that virtual assistant work “is borderless.”