People walk under a screen on the Cotai strip in Macau on 18 December 2019 ahead of a visit by Chinese President Xi Jinping to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the handover from Portugal to China. (AFP)

Chinese president Xi Jinping will land in Macau on Wednesday as the city prepares to mark 20 years since the former Portuguese colony was returned, a celebration that stands in stark contrast to months of unrest in neighboring Hong Kong.

Security has been ramped up ahead of Xi’s three-day visit which culminates on Friday’s anniversary.

China’s authoritarian leadership is keen to showcase Macau as a successful example of its “one country, two systems” model, with party leaders heaping praise on a pliant city of 700,000 that has grown rich on gambling and deference to authoritarian rule.

Since the 1999 handover by Lisbon, Macau has witnessed little of the dissent that has exploded in Hong Kong during six months of often violent pro-democracy protests as large chunks of the population seethes under Beijing’s rule.

Limited details have been released by authorities on Xi’s schedule.

On Thursday afternoon he will meet local leaders in the city and attend a dinner and a cultural performance.

The following day he will preside over the inauguration of the city’s new leader Ho Iat-seng.

A former member of China’s top lawmaking body, Ho won a one-horse race this summer to become chief executive — a position that is chosen by a 400-member committee stacked with Beijing loyalists.

Security has been dramatically tightened ahead of Xi’s visit.

Police set up checkpoints and extra screenings for passenger arrivals while authorities said some major roads would see closures.

The city’s first light rail line announced it would shut down for the duration, just a week after it was first opened to the public while the airport said some flights would be rescheduled.

Security checks have also been ramped up in Hong Kong and on a huge bridge and tunnel system linking the two cities.

Since last week police from mainland China have been manning a newly created checkpoint on an artificial island that links the bridge and tunnel system between Hong Kong, Macau and Zhuhai, the first time they have done so.

When AFP reporters passed through, it was staffed by dozens of heavily armed SWAT officers, and bus passengers had their luggage screened and identities checked with facial recognition software.

The number of ferries running between the two cities has been reduced while passengers at the Hong Kong end had their bags searched before embarking.

Multiple journalists with Hong Kong passports working for local and international media have been denied entry to Macau in the run up to the anniversary.

Earlier this month the president and chairman of Hong Kong’s American Chamber of Commerce were also denied entry to Macau.

Macau’s skyline and economy have changed beyond recognition since four centuries of Portuguese rule ended in 1999, with glittering casinos the backbone of the city’s dramatic rise.

As the only place in China where gambling is allowed, Macau’s GDP has soared from $6.4 billion in 1999 to more than $55 billion.

Per capita GDP is the third highest in the world behind Luxembourg and Switzerland, according to the International Monetary Fund, while its casinos now rake in each week the same as Las Vegas makes in a month.

But while Macau has grown rich and been politically stable in the 20 years of Chinese rule, it has many vulnerabilities.

Much of the city’s wealth is concentrated in the hands of a small elite and all its economic chips are in the gambling basket which still accounts for 80 percent of government revenue.